Recently, researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine discovered a unique characteristic of cancer cells in animal models of cancer. They believe that this characteristic can be used to develop new therapeutic strategies.
The researchers said that a glucose metabolic enzyme required for tumor growth is high in tumor cells, but is very low in very few normal adult tissues. The removal of the enzyme gene in laboratory mice can stop the growth of cancer cells, and there are no related adverse effects.
The researchers believe that targeting glucose metabolism for cancer treatment while avoiding adverse effects in other parts of the body has been a questionable treatment strategy.
But they found that the elimination of glucose metabolic enzyme, hexokinase-2, in adult mice can be almost completely eliminated without affecting the normal metabolic function or lifespan of mice. Hexokinase-2 is abundant in the embryonic period, but it is not present in most adult cells. Related enzymes in late development take over the metabolic role of replacing hexokinase-2. One of the markers of cell carcinogenesis is the expression of embryonic enzymes. Studies have found that embryonic enzymes are necessary for cancer cell proliferation and growth. Removing hexokinase-2 can stop tumor growth.
They developed a mouse strain. They may turn off or remove the HK2 gene in adult mice. They found that these mice cannot develop or maintain lung cancer or breast cancer tumors, but they are normal and healthy.
These mice that have had the HK2 gene removed have been alive for more than two years, and they live the same life as normal mice. The researchers also studied human lung cancer and breast cancer cells in the laboratory and found that if all HK2 were eliminated, the cancer cells stopped growing. Without HK2, cancer cells do not have enough DNA to produce new cells, which stops tumor growth.
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